Chinese Welfare Association, International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital ( English : International Peace Maternity And Child Health Hospital, IPMCH [1] ) an institution two brands , for a three-level hospitals , located in China , Shanghai Xuhui District Hengshan 910 number. The faculty in 1952 by Soong Ching Ling donated International Stalin Peace Prize prize was built.
2014年8月16日 星期六
women's health study - the organizational structure of women's health
(A) The health administrative structure within the Ministry of Health and Child Health Division 1 and under the Maternal and Child Health Department, led the maternal and child health. 2 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) Health Department located at the primary health and maternal and child health. 3 city (prefecture) level Maternal and Child Health Bureau of Health offices are located. 4 county (city) level set Maternal and Child Health Bureau of Health. (B) professional organizations 1 maternal and child health at all levels of professional organizations Maternity Hospital, Children's Hospital, a general hospital obstetrics and gynecology, family planning, pediatrics, preventive health care, traditional Chinese medical institutions gynecology, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics levels of maternal and child health clinics and institutions. Regardless of their ownership relations (comprehensive, collective and individual) are maternal and child health professional organizations. 2 levels of maternal and child health agencies (1) State agency level: the current national maternal and child health agency, set up in the center of China Disease Prevention, and the provincial, city and county agencies constitute China MCH Maternal and Child Health service system. (2) Provincial: Provincial MCH. (3) (ground) municipal :( ground) municipal MCH (as). (4) County: County MCH (as).
women's health study - women's health content
Women's health include: ① women of all health care; ② implement maternal system management, improve the quality of perinatal care; ③ family planning guidance; census ④ common women's diseases and malignant tumors, general rule; ⑤ implementation of women's labor-care system . (A) adolescent health adolescent health division three. Primary prevention: According to the physical, psychological, social, behavioral characteristics of adolescent females, to cultivate good health behaviors and health guidance given. Secondary prevention: through school health, regular physical examination, early detection of various diseases and abnormal behavior, reduce or avoid the predisposing factors. Tertiary prevention: refers to the treatment and rehabilitation of adolescent females disease. Adolescent health focus on prevention. (B) health care around the wedding pre-marital medical examination medical examination for both men and women ready to get married, to be suffering from the effects of marriage and fertility of diseases. (C) reproductive health care by strengthening maternal health care, timely diagnosis and treatment of high-risk pregnant women, reducing maternal mortality and perinatal mortality in children; give family planning guidance, avoid women in the reproductive period as a result of various diseases caused by birth or birth control; according to physical, psychological and social characteristics of women, strengthening of health promotion and disease screening for early detection of the disease, early treatment, to ensure that women's health. (Four) perinatal care is measured from the beginning before pregnancy through pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, breastfeeding, neonatal period, continuing to maternal and fetal infant provide high quality, comprehensive health care measures to improve obstetric quality of work, reduce perinatal child and maternal mortality. 1 preconception health guidance on choosing the best of both spouses during pregnancy, such as the appropriate age, the best physical and mental condition, a good social environment, to reduce high-risk pregnancies and high-risk children from occurring, ensure prenatal and postnatal care.Women of reproductive age in 21 to 29 years old is better for men of reproductive age in 23 to 30 years old as well. 2 prenatal care aims to strengthen mother and child care, prevention and reduction of maternal complications and ensure that pregnant women and the fetus during pregnancy is safe and healthy. 3 intrapartum care aims to ensure smooth delivery, mother of child safety. Continuing to give the mother the physical, psychological and spiritual help and support, relieve pain and anxiety. Objective 4 postpartum health care is the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, infection and other complications, and promote the recovery of postpartum physiological functions. 5 post-natal examination and inspection, including family planning guidance postpartum postpartum visits and postpartum health checks. Postpartum visits began in three days after the maternity hospital, postpartum on the 14th and the 28th, a total of three times, if necessary, appropriate, increase the number of visits. Learn maternal uterine involution, perineal incision or cesarean incision healing, check the breast and breastfeeding and maternal diet, rest, health, infants, etc., in a timely manner to give proper guidance and treatment. The postpartum prohibited sexual intercourse. 42 days postpartum mothers to the hospital for a comprehensive medical examination, including systemic examination and gynecological examination, while giving family planning guidance, so that the couple informed, choose the appropriate contraceptive measures. 6 lactation care lactation milk that mothers with their babies during feeding, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, plus complementary to continue breastfeeding after two years. In recent years, the international will to protect, promote and support breastfeeding as an important part of maternal and child health, and therefore, the main purpose of nursing care is to promote and support breastfeeding. (A) to promote breastfeeding maternal and family can promote maternal and child health, breastfeeding benefits to mother and child. (2) the benefits and treatment issues related to breastfeeding tell all pregnant women. (3) to help mothers breastfeeding within half an hour after delivery. (4) guidance on how mothers breastfeed, and in a separate case with the baby how to maintain lactation. (5) In addition to breast milk, the prohibition of any food to feed the newborn and drinks, unless there is a medical indication. (6) the implementation of rooming mothers and infants together 24 hours a day. (7) Encourage breastfeeding on demand. (8) do not give a breastfed baby sucking a rubber nipple or nipple comforting things to do. (9) promote the establishment of breastfeeding support organization, and will be referred to the hospital's Mother and Child Health Organization. Health staff responsibilities lactation: ① regular visits to assess the physical and psychological recovery from the mother; guide mothers diet, rest, clean and postpartum moderate exercise; assess the relationship between mother and baby. ② assessment of breastfeeding and infant growth and development, focusing on understanding feeding times, whether on-demand breast-feeding, breast-feeding posture personally observe and give correct guidance; and to assess infant weight gain, frequency of urine and traits, infant sleep, mother and emotional communication, etc. ; change the traditional method of wrapping babies. Take the open limbs, a new method to wear rompers clothes, the correct infant feeding. ③ guide rational drug use and mother to take proper contraceptive measures during lactation, such as tool contraception or 3 to 6 months postpartum IUD insertion, should not take contraceptive drugs and prolonged lactation approach. ④ assessment of family support systems, and improve family functioning. (Five) perimenopausal health Perimenopause refers to the endocrine associated with menopause, biology and clinical characteristics of women approaching menopause occurs when the period from 1 year to menopause. Due to the reduction of sex hormones during perimenopause can cause a range of physical and psychological symptoms, the main purpose of perimenopausal health care is to improve the awareness of self-care and quality of life of perimenopausal women. 1. health education through multiple channels, so that perimenopausal women understand this special period of physiological and psychological characteristics, reasonable living arrangements, better nutrition, moderate exercise, and maintain feelings of pleasure. Guide their genitals to keep clean and prevent infection. This period is a good age gynecological tumors, regular 1 common gynecological diseases and cancer screening every 1 to 2 years. 2 To prevent uterine prolapse and stress urinary incontinence, should encourage and guide women anal contraction exercise, two times a day, every 15 minutes. Aggressive prevention premenopausal menstrual disorders; postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, give a clear diagnosis. Comprehensive measures 3 under the guidance of the physician, the use of hormone replacement therapy or calcium supplements when necessary, such as prevention and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome and osteoporosis. 4 guide to menopause, contraception more than a year, remove the IUD one year after menopause. (Six) in elderly health care
women's health study - work purposes
Children eugenics, safe motherhood is a sign of social development and civilization. The purpose of the work lies in women's health through proactive screening, preventive health care and the care and treatment measures undertaken to safeguard the reproductive health of women through puberty at the core, surrounded by marriage, birth period, perinatal period, perimenopause and old age of the health care, reducing maternal and perinatal child mortality, morbidity and disability rates decrease, the control of certain diseases and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, thereby promoting women's health.
women's health study - women's health study
The concept of women's health study, the special status of women, the role of women in particular physiological and reproductive functions as well as the history of the development of women's health around the world, and Chinese women's health status, existing problems. Including female heavy, adolescence, marriage period, childbirth, postpartum, breastfeeding and menopause, anatomy and physiology, psychological characteristics and health measures old age. Maternal common gynecological disease diagnosis and prevention methods. Importance of women's labor protection, labor protection for women, women in the labor process occupational hazards and protective measures.
Women's Health - Women's Health Statistical Indicators
Women's Health - Women's Health mission work
A women's health task: census
1 to carry out family planning counseling, birth control popularize scientific knowledge
1 regularly and women and work survey and treatment of malignant tumors
Time: City usually respond to women over the age of 35 census once every year, rural areas should be two to three years
Content: gynecological examination (vulva, vagina, cervix, bimanual or even triple diagnosis), vaginal examination, cervical smear examination, ultrasonography
2 When the census abnormal, should be further colposcopy, cervical biopsy, Curettage, CT, MRI, and other special examination.
lth: family planning guidance
1 to carry out family planning counseling, birth control popularize scientific knowledge
2 to promote family planning method of contraception
3 to ensure and improve the quality of surgical birth control, reduce and prevent the occurrence of surgical complications
1 menstrual period does not adjust humidity dry
tone light does not tune
tone light does not tune
2 pregnant women prenatal care after pregnancy can be carried out in the working time
Not in female workers during pregnancy, childbirth, breast-feeding reduce the basic wage or labor contracts
3 maternity leave for 90 days
4 lactation not tune tune of nearly far
1 menstrual period: the menstrual cycle and changes in hormone levels may be related to corresponding changes in mood; premenstrual estrogen at low levels, sentiment is negative or negative; around menstruation, and more fatigue, irritability, lethargy, lack of exercise.
2 pregnancy and childbirth: three times as difficult tolerant phase, the adaptation period and excessive load period.
3 puerperium: anxiety and postpartum depression.
4 perimenopausal and old age: mainly depression, anxiety and emotional instability, mental and physical fatigue, loneliness, change in personality and behavior.
5 and gynecological surgery-related psychological problems: uterine, ovarian surgery, tubal ligation.
Women's Health - Women's five health
Women's five health care include:
1 2 premarital adolescent health care around reproductive health care 3 4 5 perimenopausal health care in old age
(A) adolescent health
Importance of health and behavioral problems, to focus on primary prevention:
1 self-care
2 nutritional guidance
3 physical exercise
4. Health guide
5 Sex
(B) pre-marital health one, premarital health importance of premarital health refers to both men and women getting married premarital health guidance before marriage registration, premarital health counseling and pre-marital medical examination of health services, it is conducive to both men and women understand their health, conducive to the future home court of happy conducive prenatal and postnatal care and family planning, help to improve the quality of births. 2, pre-marital medical examination of major diseases (1) severe genetic diseases: congenital formation due to genetic factors, patients lose all or part of the ability to live independently, and their offspring at high risk of recurrence, the disease should not be considered medically birth. (2) Specify diseases: such as AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis and other infectious diseases considered the impact of marriage and childbearing leprosy and medicine. (3) related psychosis: refers to schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis and other severe mental illness. (4) the impact of marriage and fertility vital organs and reproductive system diseases developmental disorders or malformations. 3, the content and significance of pre-marital medical examination (1) medical history: Learn about the growth and development of both the past and present situation, and family history of illness, please provide truthful history. (2) Physical examination: blood pressure, mental status, intelligence, facial features, limbs, heart and lung, liver and spleen. (3) reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics inspection. (4) laboratory and other auxiliary examination: chest X-ray, urinalysis, syphilis, HIV testing, aminotransferase and hepatitis B surface antigen, female secretions trichomoniasis, mold inspection. (5) other checks, in addition to the above items would like to check the configuration of a single doctor can make, such as B-, milk thoroughly, blood type, chromosomes. By the above checks can make both men and women getting married to each other to understand the health status, such as marriage and childbearing disease found influential, early treatment can be, beneficial to marital harmony, reproductive health of future generations. 4, premarital health counseling refers to premarital care physicians and healthcare providers to prepare men and women to marry and to discuss face to face conversation regarding marriage, reproductive health and other issues, answer questions, provide medical guidance. 5, the following circumstances recommendation stay married (1) sexually transmitted diseases are not cured; period (2) psychotic episode or condition has not been stable; (3) in a variety of infectious diseases specified period; (4) major organ dysfunction; (5) treatment of genital severe deformities; (6) physical examination or laboratory abnormalities has not been diagnosed before discovery. 6, suggested one of the following conditions should not marry (a) between lineal and collateral consanguinity within three generations; (2) both suffer from schizophrenia; (3) both the Department of severe mental retardation; (4) the parties are suffering from the same severe genetic disease. 7, suggested one of the following conditions should not get married (1) found that one or both parties suffer from severe, very severe mental retardation, do not have the sense of the ability of marriage; (2) severe mental illness, the illness exacerbation of aggressive behavior hazards: 8, the following circumstances should be advised not reproductive medicine that should not be found on the fertility of diseases considered serious hereditary diseases should not be on maternity or other vital organs diseases, and medicine. 9, premarital health guidance refers to premarital care physicians for health care institutions to provide both men and women getting married and marriage, birth of disabled children and the prevention of birth and other relevant knowledge of reproductive health education, primarily sexual health knowledge, fertility and genetic diseases health education prevention knowledge.
(Three) around reproductive health care
Perinatal refers to the full 28 thoughtful pregnancy postpartum one week, this period of maternal, fetal, newborn in need of a series of health care, such as prevention of maternal complications, fetal growth and development, health, forecasting and monitoring, and the development of preventive measures, guidance eugenics work. Should carry out health checks and pre-pregnancy eugenic guidance, special cut for a year without contraception nor married pregnant and have a history of abnormal pregnancy. According to the characteristics of the different stages of pregnancy, the pregnancy, the whole process is divided into early, middle and late three periods; said early pregnancy before the 12th week; 13 to 27 weekend, said the second trimester; over 28 weeks later for the third trimester. Complications of pregnancy often appear different, have different focuses its health content.
Contents include: (a) pre-pregnancy health care the best time to conceive: 18 to 35-year-old mental health social environment positively impact the treatment of diseases of pregnancy to avoid exposure to toxic substances and radiation before conception contraceptive measures have adverse pregnancy history, Prepare well before pregnancy
Contents include: (a) pre-pregnancy health care the best time to conceive: 18 to 35-year-old mental health social environment positively impact the treatment of diseases of pregnancy to avoid exposure to toxic substances and radiation before conception contraceptive measures have adverse pregnancy history, Prepare well before pregnancy
1. Eugenics guide (1). Select the time of conception, such as age 18 to 35 years old, one year after marriage is appropriate. (2). Note that living and working environment. (3). Physically and ideologically not nervous. (4). Avoid frustration and economic distress emotional. (5). During his illness, a party of men and women should not become pregnant. (6). Ban tobacco and alcohol before conception and teratogenic drugs. 2. Pre-pregnancy check (1). Time to understand marriage, married sex, contraception and fertility. (2). Maternal health, such as reproductive organs, as well as chronic diseases, such as anemia, hypertension, liver, kidney diseases. Necessary, check thyroid function, glucose tolerance test and endocrine. Difficult to conceive, should be a detailed examination of male and female sexual function both sides. (3). Adverse pregnancy history, such as miscarriage, stillbirth, perinatal child mortality, birth defects, etc., asked in detail about the occurrence, development and treatment through, with or without infection during pregnancy, about the quality of obstetric factors. (4). Suspected genetic diseases, (5). Neonatal hemolytic disease, (ii) early prenatal care: Note disease prevention, anti-teratogenic
1 early diagnosis of pregnancy
2 were high-risk pregnancy screening
3 Avoid contact with harmful chemicals and radiation
4 avoid virus infection, mental stimulation
5 Take your medication when sick
(Three) in prenatal care
1 Check the various factors during early pregnancy if the fetus is damaged
2 for prenatal diagnosis and prenatal treatment
3 prevent late complications of pregnancy
4 strengthen nutrition, adequate iron and calcium supplements, prevention and early detection of fetal abnormalities
5. prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections
(Four) late prenatal care
1. pay attention to nutritional balance nutrition
2 regular prenatal check, prevent pregnancy complications, early detection and correction of abnormal fetal position
3 Note that placental function and fetal safety of care
4 psychologically prepared before delivery, pregnant women make breast preparation guide
(Five) intrapartum care: "five defense, a strengthened."
1 anti-bleeding
2 anti-infection
3 Anti prolonged labor
4 anti-birth trauma
5 anti-suffocation
6 When strengthen labor productivity monitoring and processing
(Six) postpartum care
1 observe whether the maternal breast, reproductive tract infections, uterine involution, surgical wounds, the presence or absence of prenatal complications aftermath of the disease have
2 Note psychological care
3 nutrients to be rich
(Seven) nursing care: to protect, promote and support breastfeeding
1 breastfeeding benefits
2 ten measures to promote breastfeeding (WHO)
3 breast milk shortage causes and treatment methods
4 lactation to be careful
A method of contraception lactating
(Four) perimenopausal health
Targeted reduction of hormone-induced physical and psychological symptoms
1 reasonable living arrangements, attention to nutritional intake, to feel comfortable, attention to exercise
2 genital infection prevention atrophy
3 to strengthen the pelvic floor supportive tissues
4 regular annual physical examination, early detection and treatment of gynecological cancer
5. proper use of hormone replacement therapy
(Five) in elderly health careA Women old age are more prone to physical and mental illness
Two. Care content
1 regular physical examination, enhance physical exercise
2 rational use of hormone drugs, in order to facilitate health and longevity
Women's Health - Reproductive Health
Definition of reproductive health (WHO) and the difference between women's health:
1 people-centered
2. demand service object to the evaluation criteria
3 emphasizes sexual health
4 emphasis on social participation and government responsibility
5. broad disciplines involved, including psychology, sociology, etc.
women's health - women's health significance and organizations
Significance
: To safeguard and promote women's health for the purpose of groups for clients, focusing on prevention to health center to focus on the grassroots level, to carry out the core of women's reproductive health care
Organization
: Maternal and Child Health Department administrative institutions specialized agency of the State Council of Health, provincial, municipal, county health bureau consists of Obstetrics and Gynecology at all levels, including hospitals, Children's Hospital to establish a three-tier service network and improve efficiency.
Significance and women's health organization
Significance and women's health organization 1:﹂1.1 significance﹂1.2 organization2 Reproductive Health:3 women five health care﹂3.1 (a) adolescent health﹂3.2 (b) pre-marital health﹂3.3 (three) around the growth period Health﹂3.4 (four) perimenopausal health﹂3.5 (five) in elderly health care4 women's health task:﹂4.1 a task women's health work: census﹂4.2 two tasks to work on women's health: family planning guidance﹂4.3 three tasks to work on women's health: the protection of women's labor﹂4.4 four tasks to work on women's health: mental healthcare statistical indicators 5 women. ﹂5.1 a common statistical indicators survey and treatment of gynecological diseases﹂5.2 two motherhood. of health indicators ﹂5.3 three family planning statistical indicators
訂閱：
文章 (Atom)